Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Upper GI endoscopy, sometimes called EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy), is a diagnostic procedure performed by a gastroenterologist to examine the upper intestinal tract (from the mouth to the deodenum). It is helpful in the diagnosis of problems such as ulcers, esophageal blockage or stricture, inflammation of the esophagus (esophagitis), recurring heartburn and indigestion, severe abdominal pain, intestinal bleeding, inflammation of the stomach lining (gastritis), and malignant tumors of the stomach. Upper GI endoscopy is usually performed on an outpatient basis. Prior to the procedure, patients are given IV sedation to relieve anxiety, reduce the gag reflex, and cause short term amnesia. A local anesthetic is sprayed into the mouth and throat area. This procedure involves the use of an endoscope, a long flexible tube equipped with a fiber optic light and lens. The endoscope is passed through the mouth, down the esophagus into the stomach and duodenum if necessary. Additional procedures may be performed by advancing very small instruments through the endoscope. A small tissue sample (biopsy) may be obtained and tumors or polyps may be removed. The exam takes approximately 15 to 30 minutes. The patient generally does not remember the procedure and feels no pain. Patients should consult their physician for a complete explanation of the procedure and its associated risks and complications.