Esophageal/Gastric Biopsy Esophageal or gastric biopsy is a procedure performed by a gastroenterologist or surgeon for determining a number of abnormal conditions in the digestive tract. These might include bleeding, ulcers, inflammatory disease, structural abnormalities, and diagnosis of tumors. Esophageal / gastric biopsy is usually performed on an outpatient basis. Prior to the procedure, patients are given IV sedation to relieve anxiety, reduce the gag reflex, and cause short term amnesia. A local anesthetic is sprayed into the mouth and throat area. This procedure involves the use of an endoscope, a long flexible tube equipped with a fiber optic light and lens. The endoscope is passed through the mouth, down the esophagus into the stomach and duodenum if necessary. An esophageal or gastric biopsy is performed by advancing very small instruments through the endoscope and obtaining a sample of the esophageal and/or gastric tissue. This biopsy is then sent to pathology for microscopic analysis. The exam takes approximately 15 to 30 minutes. The patient generally does not remember the procedure and feels no pain. Patients should consult their physician for a complete explanation of the procedure and its associated risks and complications.